forcing functions

forcing functions
силовые функции

English-Russian dictionary of program "Mir-Shuttle". . 2015.

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  • Forcing (mathematics) — For the use of forcing in recursion theory, see Forcing (recursion theory). In the mathematical discipline of set theory, forcing is a technique invented by Paul Cohen for proving consistency and independence results. It was first used, in 1963,… …   Wikipedia

  • List of forcing notions — In mathematics, forcing is a method of constructing new models M[G] of set theory by adding a generic subset G of a poset P to a model M. The poset P used will determine what statements hold in the new universe (the extension ); to force a… …   Wikipedia

  • Computer experiment — In the scientific context, a computer experiment refer to mathematical modeling using computer simulation. It has become common to call such experiments in silico. This area includes Computational physics, Computational chemistry, Computational… …   Wikipedia

  • relaxation phenomenon — ▪ physics and chemistry Introduction       in physics and chemistry, an effect related to the delay between the application of an external stress to a system that is, to an aggregation of matter and its response. It may occur in nuclear, atomic,… …   Universalium

  • Pipe (fluid conveyance) — For structural pipe, see Hollow structural section. For other uses, see Pipe (disambiguation). Steel pipes …   Wikipedia

  • Error-tolerant design — An error tolerant design is one that does not unduly penalize user errors. It is the human equivalent of fault tolerant design that allows equipment to continue functioning in the presence of hardware faults, such as a limp in mode for an… …   Wikipedia

  • Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory — The Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) is a laboratory in the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research (OAR).PMEL carries out interdisciplinary scientific investigations in… …   Wikipedia

  • United Kingdom — a kingdom in NW Europe, consisting of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: formerly comprising Great Britain and Ireland 1801 1922. 58,610,182; 94,242 sq. mi. (244,100 sq. km). Cap.: London. Abbr.: U.K. Official name, United Kingdom of Great… …   Universalium

  • Germany — /jerr meuh nee/, n. a republic in central Europe: after World War II divided into four zones, British, French, U.S., and Soviet, and in 1949 into East Germany and West Germany; East and West Germany were reunited in 1990. 84,068,216; 137,852 sq.… …   Universalium

  • United States — a republic in the N Western Hemisphere comprising 48 conterminous states, the District of Columbia, and Alaska in North America, and Hawaii in the N Pacific. 267,954,767; conterminous United States, 3,022,387 sq. mi. (7,827,982 sq. km); with… …   Universalium

  • Mathematical logic — (also known as symbolic logic) is a subfield of mathematics with close connections to foundations of mathematics, theoretical computer science and philosophical logic.[1] The field includes both the mathematical study of logic and the… …   Wikipedia


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